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The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (United States or United States) or the United States, is a country of 50 states, one federal district, five main autonomous territories, and various assets. [fn 6] According to the total area [fn 7], the United States is the third or fourth largest country in the world, with an area of ​​3.8 million square miles (9.8 million square kilometers), slightly smaller than the 3.9 million square miles (10.1 million square kilometers) of the entire European continent. ). With a population of more than 325 million, the United States is the third largest country in the population. The capital is Washington, DC, and the most populous city is New York City. The 48 states and the federal district of the capital are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico. Alaska is located in the northwest corner of North America, bordering Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the sea. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago of the Central Pacific. United States Territories are scattered around the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean, spanning nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate and wildlife of the United States make it one of the 17 biodiversity-rich countries in the world. [19]

Ancient Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American continent at least 15,000 years ago. [20] European colonial rule began in the 16th century. The United States stood out from the thirteen British colonies established on the East Coast. The numerous disputes between Britain and the colonies after the French-Indian war led to the American Revolution that began in 1775 and the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776. The war ended in 1783, and the United States became the first country to gain independence from Europe. [21] The current Constitution was passed in 1788. The first ten amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 to guarantee many basic civil liberties. The United States began to expand rapidly throughout North America throughout the 19th century, acquiring new territories, [22] replacing the Native American tribes, and gradually accepting new countries until it crossed the continent in 1848. [22] In the second half of the 19th century, civil war led to the abolition of slavery. [23] [24] By the end of the century, the United States had expanded to the Pacific, [25] whose economy was largely driven by the industrial revolution and began to soar. [26] Spain - The American War and the First World War confirmed the country's status as a global military power. The United States emerged from the Second World War and became the world's superpower, the first country to develop nuclear weapons, the only country that used it for war, and the permanent members of the UN Security Council. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union participated in the space race, which eventually led to the 1969 moon landing. The end of the Cold War in 1991 and the disintegration of the Soviet Union made the United States the only superpower in the world. [27]

The United States is the oldest surviving federation in the world. The Federal Republic is a representative democracy, "most of which are restricted by the rights of minority groups protected by law." [28] The United States is a founding member of the United Nations, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Organization of American States (OAS) and other international organizations. The United States is a highly developed country, the world's largest economy by nominal GDP, and the second largest economy by purchasing power parity, accounting for about a quarter of global GDP. [29] The US economy is primarily post-industrial, characterized by a dominant position in services and knowledge-based activities, although manufacturing remains the second largest manufacturing sector in the world. [30] In terms of value, the United States is the world's largest importer and second largest commodity exporter. [31] [32] Although its population accounts for only 4.3% of the world's total population [33], the United States accounts for 33% of the world's total wealth, and the largest share of global wealth is concentrated in one country. [34] The United States ranks highest among several socioeconomic performance indicators, including average wages, [35] human development, per capita GDP, and per capita productivity. [36] The United States is the most important military force in the world, accounting for one-third of global military spending,[37] and is the leading international political, cultural and scientific force. [38]